CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD

Lincoln Plaza
Auditorium, First Floor
400 "P" Street
Sacramento, CA

January 10, 1992
8:30 a.m.

AGENDA

Page

92-2-1 Public Hearing to Consider the Adoption of 001
Regulations Regarding the California Exhaust
Emission Standards and Test Procedures for
New 1996 and Later Heavy-Duty Off-Road Diesel
Cycle Engines and Equipment Engines.

ITEM NO.: 92-2-1

Public Hearing to Consider the Adoption of Regulations Regarding
the California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for
New 1996 and Later Heavy-Duty Off-Road Diesel Cycle Engines and
Equipment Engines.

RECOMMENDATION

The staff recommends that the Air Resources Board (the ARB or
Board) adopt exhaust emission standards and test procedures for
new heavy-duty off-road diesel cycle engines and equipment
engines of 175 horsepower or greater. The staff also recommends
that the Board adopt the smoke test, emission control label,
warranty, and new engine compliance and quality-audit testing
requirements proposed by the staff.

DISCUSSION

The California Clean Air Act (CCAA) as codified in Health and
Safety Code Sections 43013 and 43018 grants the ARB authority to
regulate emissions from off-road vehicles and other mobile
sources. The CCAA also requires a 5 percent per year reduction
of carbon monoxide and ozone precursor emissions.

Heavy-duty off-road engines include farm (tractors), construction
(bull dozers), industrial (air compressors), forestry (log
skidders) and mining (off-road trucks) applications. The
California statewide emissions inventory for 1987 from heavy-duty
off-road diesel cycle engines 175 horsepower and greater is
estimated to be 23 tons per day (tpd) of hydrocarbons (HC), 51
tpd of carbon monoxide (CO), 244 tpd of oxides of nitrogen (NOx),
and 10.9 tpd of particulate matter (PM). By 2010, if left
uncontrolled, emissions from this equipment would represent
approximately 11 percent of all mobile source NOx emissions.

To achieve the goals of the CCAA, the staff is proposing heavy-duty
off-road diesel cycle engine regulations designed to achieve
the maximum feasible emission reductions. Two sets of exhaust
emission standards are proposed for these engines. The first set
of standards (1.0 grams per brake horsepower hour HC, 8.5 g/bhp-hr CO,
6.9 g/bhp-hr NOx, and 0.4 g/bhp-hr PM) would be
implemented in 1996 for diesel cycle engines 175 to 750
horsepower, inclusive; these standards would require emissions
controls similar to those used for 1990 on-road heavy-duty diesel
engines. Engines above 750 horsepower would not be controlled in
this time frame. The second set of standards (1.0 g/bhp-hr HC,
8.5 g/bhp-hr CO, 5.8 g/bhp-hr NOx and 0.16 g/bhp-hr PM) would go
into effect in 2000 for diesel cycle engines 175 to 750
horsepower, inclusive, and would require more advanced controls
similar to those used for 1991 on-road heavy-duty diesel engines.
Diesel cycle engines greater than 750 horsepower would be
required to meet the first set of standards, in 2000. The staff
also proposes smoke standards for new heavy-duty off-road diesel
cycle engines and crankcase emission restrictions for new
methanol-fueled and naturally aspirated heavy-duty off-road
diesel cycle engines.

The staff proposes that for engine family groups of 150 or more
engine sales per year, one percent of the engines or three
engines, whichever is greater, be selected for emissions testing
at the manufacturer's assembly-line facility.

Under the proposed regulations, the ARB would reserve the right
to perform compliance testing on a small sample of new 1996 and
subsequent heavy-duty off-road diesel cycle engines produced for
sale in California. These tests would be performed at the
manufacturer's expense.

The staff also proposes tat manufacturers provide an emissions
warranty to the ultimate purchaser. The warranty would ensure
that 1996 and subsequent engines are free from defects in
workmanship or materials of any emissions-related part of the
engine. The warranty period would be five years or 3000 hours of
operation, whichever occurs first.

The staff further proposes that each new 1996 and subsequent year
heavy-duty off-road diesel cycle engine intended for sale in
California be affixed with a permanent label that identifies it
as a California-certified engine and states that it conforms to
all applicable California heavy-duty off-road engine emission
regulations.

SUMMARY OF IMPACTS OF PROPOSED ACTION

The staff estimates that the proposed regulations will result in
statewide emission reductions of 10 tons/day HC, 178 tons/day
NOx, and 5.5 tons/day PM with no change in CO emissions in the
year 2010. The proposed 1996 emission standards will result in
an estimated cost increase of $3500 per engine, with a cost
effectiveness of $0.18 per pound ($/lb.) of NOx reduced. The
cost to comply with the 2000 standards is estimated at $3300 per
engine, with a cost effectiveness of $0.58/lb. of NOx reduced and
$2.66/lb. of PM reduced. For engines above 750 horsepower, the
cost to comply with the 2000 standards would be approximately
$13,100 per engine, with a cost effectiveness of $0.16/lb. of NOx
reduced.